במבחן יופיעו טקסטים שונים באנגלית ולאחריהם שאלות עבורן תצטרכו לבחור בתשובה המתאימה. יש לבחור את התשובה הנכונה ביותר מבין ארבעת האפשרויות. זכרו כי לכל שאלה יש תשובה אחת נכונה. במידה והינך מתלבט\ת, מומלץ לפסול תשובות.
שימו לב, המבחן כולל 22 שאלות. הזמן הכולל לביצוע המבחן הוא 25 דקות.
בהצלחה!
שים לב! באפשרותך לדלג על שאלות, ובמידה וסיימת לפני הזמן, תוכל לחזור לשאלות אלה לפי סדרן שלהן.
Text No.1:
Ability of The Coward
Once, a coward lived in a village. Even the smallest sound would scare him. One day the royal messenger announced in the village "The king has asked every young man of the kingdom to join the royal army. It’s an order. Everybody must follow it."
The coward was also forced to follow the royal order. So he too left for the city to join the royal army.
On the way the coward passed by a large and tall tree. Many crows were sitting on it and making a lot of noise. Loud noise of the crows scared the coward. He stopped due to fear. After standing for a few moments, he moved forward to go on but the crows again started to make a noise. Once again, the coward's mouth went dry with fear. He shivered in fright and in shaky voice he cried, "Yes. Go on. Make as much noise as you want to. But I know you still cannot eat me up!"
The coward was so scared that he thought the crows would eat him up. Actually he did not have the ability to join the royal army. A man must do only the task for which he is fit.
What was the king's order?
Text No.1:
Ability of The Coward
Once, a coward lived in a village. Even the smallest sound would scare him. One day the royal messenger announced in the village "The king has asked every young man of the kingdom to join the royal army. It’s an order. Everybody must follow it."
The coward was also forced to follow the royal order. So he too left for the city to join the royal army.
On the way the coward passed by a large and tall tree. Many crows were sitting on it and making a lot of noise. Loud noise of the crows scared the coward. He stopped due to fear. After standing for a few moments, he moved forward to go on but the crows again started to make a noise. Once again, the coward's mouth went dry with fear. He shivered in fright and in shaky voice he cried, "Yes. Go on. Make as much noise as you want to. But I know you still cannot eat me up!"
The coward was so scared that he thought the crows would eat him up. Actually he did not have the ability to join the royal army. A man must do only the task for which he is fit.
Another verb for "to fear" could be?
Text No.1:
Ability of The Coward
Once, a coward lived in a village. Even the smallest sound would scare him. One day the royal messenger announced in the village "The king has asked every young man of the kingdom to join the royal army. It’s an order. Everybody must follow it."
The coward was also forced to follow the royal order. So he too left for the city to join the royal army.
On the way the coward passed by a large and tall tree. Many crows were sitting on it and making a lot of noise. Loud noise of the crows scared the coward. He stopped due to fear. After standing for a few moments, he moved forward to go on but the crows again started to make a noise. Once again, the coward's mouth went dry with fear. He shivered in fright and in shaky voice he cried, "Yes. Go on. Make as much noise as you want to. But I know you still cannot eat me up!"
The coward was so scared that he thought the crows would eat him up. Actually he did not have the ability to join the royal army. A man must do only the task for which he is fit.
According to the 3rd paragraph, what did the fear to the crows made the coward do?
Text No.1:
Ability of The Coward
Once, a coward lived in a village. Even the smallest sound would scare him. One day the royal messenger announced in the village "The king has asked every young man of the kingdom to join the royal army. It’s an order. Everybody must follow it."
The coward was also forced to follow the royal order. So he too left for the city to join the royal army.
On the way the coward passed by a large and tall tree. Many crows were sitting on it and making a lot of noise. Loud noise of the crows scared the coward. He stopped due to fear. After standing for a few moments, he moved forward to go on but the crows again started to make a noise. Once again, the coward's mouth went dry with fear. He shivered in fright and in shaky voice he cried, "Yes. Go on. Make as much noise as you want to. But I know you still cannot eat me up!"
The coward was so scared that he thought the crows would eat him up. Actually he did not have the ability to join the royal army. A man must do only the task for which he is fit.
What is the lesson of the story?
Text No.2:
A Wise Counting
Emperor Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his courtiers. He often asked questions which were strange and witty. It took much wisdom to answer these questions.
Once he asked a very strange question. The courtiers were dumb folded by his question.
Akbar glanced at his courtiers. As he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at this moment that Birbal entered the courtyard. Birbal who knew the nature of the emperor quickly grasped the situation and asked, "May I know the question so that I can try for an answer".
Akbar said, "How many crows are there in this city?"
Without even a moment's thought, Birbal replied "There are fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine crows, my lord".
"How can you be so sure?” asked Akbar.
Birbal said, "Make you men count, My lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives here. If you find less number of crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere".
Akbar was pleased very much by Birbal's wit.
What is the meaning of the word "courtier?"
Text No.2:
A Wise Counting
Emperor Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his courtiers. He often asked questions which were strange and witty. It took much wisdom to answer these questions.
Once he asked a very strange question. The courtiers were dumb folded by his question.
Akbar glanced at his courtiers. As he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at this moment that Birbal entered the courtyard. Birbal who knew the nature of the emperor quickly grasped the situation and asked, "May I know the question so that I can try for an answer".
Akbar said, "How many crows are there in this city?"
Without even a moment's thought, Birbal replied "There are fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine crows, my lord".
"How can you be so sure?” asked Akbar.
Birbal said, "Make you men count, My lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives here. If you find less number of crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere".
Akbar was pleased very much by Birbal's wit.
Another word for "glanced" could be:
Text No.2:
A Wise Counting
Emperor Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his courtiers. He often asked questions which were strange and witty. It took much wisdom to answer these questions.
Once he asked a very strange question. The courtiers were dumb folded by his question.
Akbar glanced at his courtiers. As he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at this moment that Birbal entered the courtyard. Birbal who knew the nature of the emperor quickly grasped the situation and asked, "May I know the question so that I can try for an answer".
Akbar said, "How many crows are there in this city?"
Without even a moment's thought, Birbal replied "There are fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine crows, my lord".
"How can you be so sure?” asked Akbar.
Birbal said, "Make you men count, My lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives here. If you find less number of crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere".
Akbar was pleased very much by Birbal's wit.
It can be inferred from the 3rd paragraph that:
Text No.2:
A Wise Counting
Emperor Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his courtiers. He often asked questions which were strange and witty. It took much wisdom to answer these questions.
Once he asked a very strange question. The courtiers were dumb folded by his question.
Akbar glanced at his courtiers. As he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at this moment that Birbal entered the courtyard. Birbal who knew the nature of the emperor quickly grasped the situation and asked, "May I know the question so that I can try for an answer".
Akbar said, "How many crows are there in this city?"
Without even a moment's thought, Birbal replied "There are fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine crows, my lord".
"How can you be so sure?” asked Akbar.
Birbal said, "Make you men count, My lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives here. If you find less number of crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere".
Akbar was pleased very much by Birbal's wit.
What is the number: " fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine"?
Text No.2:
A Wise Counting
Emperor Akbar was in the habit of putting riddles and puzzles to his courtiers. He often asked questions which were strange and witty. It took much wisdom to answer these questions.
Once he asked a very strange question. The courtiers were dumb folded by his question.
Akbar glanced at his courtiers. As he looked, one by one the heads began to hang low in search of an answer. It was at this moment that Birbal entered the courtyard. Birbal who knew the nature of the emperor quickly grasped the situation and asked, "May I know the question so that I can try for an answer".
Akbar said, "How many crows are there in this city?"
Without even a moment's thought, Birbal replied "There are fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine crows, my lord".
"How can you be so sure?” asked Akbar.
Birbal said, "Make you men count, My lord. If you find more crows it means some have come to visit their relatives here. If you find less number of crows it means some have gone to visit their relatives elsewhere".
Akbar was pleased very much by Birbal's wit.
How did Birbal know exactly how many crows there were in the city?
Text No. 3
Advising a Fool
On a mango tree in a jungle, there lived many birds. They were happy in their small nests. Before the onset of the rainy season, all the animal of the jungle repaired their homes. The birds also made their homes more secure.
Many birds brought twigs and leaves and others wove their nests. “We should also store some food for our children,” chirped one of the birds. And they collected food, until they had enough to see them through the rainy season. They kept themselves busy preparing for the tough times.
Soon the rains came. It was followed by thunder and lighting. All the animals and birds stayed in their homes.
It continued raining for many days. One day, a monkey wet in the rain came into the forest. He sat on a branch, shivering with cold, water dripping from its body.
The poor monkey tried his best to get shelter, but in vain. The leaves were not enough to save him from the rains. “Brrr! It is so cold!” said the monkey.
The birds were watching all this. They felt sorry for the monkey but there was little they could do for him. One of them said, “Brother! Our small nests are not enough to give you shelter.”
Another bird said, “All of us prepared for the rainy season. If you had, you would not be in this piteous situation.”
“How dare you tell me what to do?” said the monkey, growling at the bird. The monkey angrily pounced on the bird’s nest, tore it and threw it on the ground. The bird and her chicks were helpless.
The poor bird thought, “Fools never value good advice. It is better not to advise them.”
What is the meaning of the verb "to repair"?
Text No. 3
Advising a Fool
On a mango tree in a jungle, there lived many birds. They were happy in their small nests. Before the onset of the rainy season, all the animal of the jungle repaired their homes. The birds also made their homes more secure.
Many birds brought twigs and leaves and others wove their nests. “We should also store some food for our children,” chirped one of the birds. And they collected food, until they had enough to see them through the rainy season. They kept themselves busy preparing for the tough times.
Soon the rains came. It was followed by thunder and lighting. All the animals and birds stayed in their homes.
It continued raining for many days. One day, a monkey wet in the rain came into the forest. He sat on a branch, shivering with cold, water dripping from its body.
The poor monkey tried his best to get shelter, but in vain. The leaves were not enough to save him from the rains. “Brrr! It is so cold!” said the monkey.
The birds were watching all this. They felt sorry for the monkey but there was little they could do for him. One of them said, “Brother! Our small nests are not enough to give you shelter.”
Another bird said, “All of us prepared for the rainy season. If you had, you would not be in this piteous situation.”
“How dare you tell me what to do?” said the monkey, growling at the bird. The monkey angrily pounced on the bird’s nest, tore it and threw it on the ground. The bird and her chicks were helpless.
The poor bird thought, “Fools never value good advice. It is better not to advise them.”
It can be understood from the second paragraph that:
Text No. 3
Advising a Fool
On a mango tree in a jungle, there lived many birds. They were happy in their small nests. Before the onset of the rainy season, all the animal of the jungle repaired their homes. The birds also made their homes more secure.
Many birds brought twigs and leaves and others wove their nests. “We should also store some food for our children,” chirped one of the birds. And they collected food, until they had enough to see them through the rainy season. They kept themselves busy preparing for the tough times.
Soon the rains came. It was followed by thunder and lighting. All the animals and birds stayed in their homes.
It continued raining for many days. One day, a monkey wet in the rain came into the forest. He sat on a branch, shivering with cold, water dripping from its body.
The poor monkey tried his best to get shelter, but in vain. The leaves were not enough to save him from the rains. “Brrr! It is so cold!” said the monkey.
The birds were watching all this. They felt sorry for the monkey but there was little they could do for him. One of them said, “Brother! Our small nests are not enough to give you shelter.”
Another bird said, “All of us prepared for the rainy season. If you had, you would not be in this piteous situation.”
“How dare you tell me what to do?” said the monkey, growling at the bird. The monkey angrily pounced on the bird’s nest, tore it and threw it on the ground. The bird and her chicks were helpless.
The poor bird thought, “Fools never value good advice. It is better not to advise them.”
What is a "piteous situation"?
Text No. 3
Advising a Fool
On a mango tree in a jungle, there lived many birds. They were happy in their small nests. Before the onset of the rainy season, all the animal of the jungle repaired their homes. The birds also made their homes more secure.
Many birds brought twigs and leaves and others wove their nests. “We should also store some food for our children,” chirped one of the birds. And they collected food, until they had enough to see them through the rainy season. They kept themselves busy preparing for the tough times.
Soon the rains came. It was followed by thunder and lighting. All the animals and birds stayed in their homes.
It continued raining for many days. One day, a monkey wet in the rain came into the forest. He sat on a branch, shivering with cold, water dripping from its body.
The poor monkey tried his best to get shelter, but in vain. The leaves were not enough to save him from the rains. “Brrr! It is so cold!” said the monkey.
The birds were watching all this. They felt sorry for the monkey but there was little they could do for him. One of them said, “Brother! Our small nests are not enough to give you shelter.”
Another bird said, “All of us prepared for the rainy season. If you had, you would not be in this piteous situation.”
“How dare you tell me what to do?” said the monkey, growling at the bird. The monkey angrily pounced on the bird’s nest, tore it and threw it on the ground. The bird and her chicks were helpless.
The poor bird thought, “Fools never value good advice. It is better not to advise them.”
What is the lesson that the birds tried to teach the monkey?
Text No. 3
Advising a Fool
On a mango tree in a jungle, there lived many birds. They were happy in their small nests. Before the onset of the rainy season, all the animal of the jungle repaired their homes. The birds also made their homes more secure.
Many birds brought twigs and leaves and others wove their nests. “We should also store some food for our children,” chirped one of the birds. And they collected food, until they had enough to see them through the rainy season. They kept themselves busy preparing for the tough times.
Soon the rains came. It was followed by thunder and lighting. All the animals and birds stayed in their homes.
It continued raining for many days. One day, a monkey wet in the rain came into the forest. He sat on a branch, shivering with cold, water dripping from its body.
The poor monkey tried his best to get shelter, but in vain. The leaves were not enough to save him from the rains. “Brrr! It is so cold!” said the monkey.
The birds were watching all this. They felt sorry for the monkey but there was little they could do for him. One of them said, “Brother! Our small nests are not enough to give you shelter.”
Another bird said, “All of us prepared for the rainy season. If you had, you would not be in this piteous situation.”
“How dare you tell me what to do?” said the monkey, growling at the bird. The monkey angrily pounced on the bird’s nest, tore it and threw it on the ground. The bird and her chicks were helpless.
The poor bird thought, “Fools never value good advice. It is better not to advise them.”
Another word for "growling" could be:
Text No. 4
Marlene Dietrich
The year 2001 saw Berlin celebrating Marlene Dietrich’s one-hundredth birthday (she died in 1992). Today, aficionados can trace her life around the city. According to Cook (2001), they can begin at her birthplace in Leberstrasse 65, located close to the restaurant of the Blauer Engel (named after her best known film, The Blue Angel). Thereafter, they proceed to her old school in Gasteinerstrasse and to Hildegardstrasse 54, the flat where she lived as a young actress. Next comes the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church where she married Rudolf Sieter, followed by the Komödie Theater (revue performances), Deutsches Theater (classical dramas), Babelsberg studios (where The Blue Angel was filmed), and the Zooplast cinema (where it opened on April 1, 1930). Thereafter she left Germany for California, and subsequently Paris where she lived and died, never to reside in Berlin again, although she did return in 1945 attired in American uniform to entertain the allies and in 1960 took part in a postwar tour of the country. Her last resting place is the Stubenrauchstrasse cemetery where a simple plaque announces the name ‘Marlene.’
Most of the Dietrich memorabilia, purchased with her estate from her daughter in 1993 for £3.6 million, are to be found in the New Film Museum in Potsdammer Platz. They include her love letters, diary, gifts from Ernest Hemmingway and Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., as well as 3000 dresses, 10,000 photographs, and 35,000 documents. This anti-Nazi icon (who refused several of the Führer’s invitations for her to return in a triumphant procession through the Brandenburg Gate) in many ways encapsulates all that is best in the postmodern German psyche, a rags to riches saga based on Weberian hard work. Even with the reconstruction of Berlin all around them, her compatriots do not forget. The future is thus connected to the past via nostalgia. Mother Marlene has at last come home to the fatherland.
How old was Marlene Dietrich at the time of her death?
Text No. 4
Marlene Dietrich
The year 2001 saw Berlin celebrating Marlene Dietrich’s one-hundredth birthday (she died in 1992). Today, aficionados can trace her life around the city. According to Cook (2001), they can begin at her birthplace in Leberstrasse 65, located close to the restaurant of the Blauer Engel (named after her best known film, The Blue Angel). Thereafter, they proceed to her old school in Gasteinerstrasse and to Hildegardstrasse 54, the flat where she lived as a young actress. Next comes the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church where she married Rudolf Sieter, followed by the Komödie Theater (revue performances), Deutsches Theater (classical dramas), Babelsberg studios (where The Blue Angel was filmed), and the Zooplast cinema (where it opened on April 1, 1930). Thereafter she left Germany for California, and subsequently Paris where she lived and died, never to reside in Berlin again, although she did return in 1945 attired in American uniform to entertain the allies and in 1960 took part in a postwar tour of the country. Her last resting place is the Stubenrauchstrasse cemetery where a simple plaque announces the name ‘Marlene.’
Most of the Dietrich memorabilia, purchased with her estate from her daughter in 1993 for £3.6 million, are to be found in the New Film Museum in Potsdammer Platz. They include her love letters, diary, gifts from Ernest Hemmingway and Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., as well as 3000 dresses, 10,000 photographs, and 35,000 documents. This anti-Nazi icon (who refused several of the Führer’s invitations for her to return in a triumphant procession through the Brandenburg Gate) in many ways encapsulates all that is best in the postmodern German psyche, a rags to riches saga based on Weberian hard work. Even with the reconstruction of Berlin all around them, her compatriots do not forget. The future is thus connected to the past via nostalgia. Mother Marlene has at last come home to the fatherland.
The word "aficionados" could be replaced with:
Text No. 4
Marlene Dietrich
The year 2001 saw Berlin celebrating Marlene Dietrich’s one-hundredth birthday (she died in 1992). Today, aficionados can trace her life around the city. According to Cook (2001), they can begin at her birthplace in Leberstrasse 65, located close to the restaurant of the Blauer Engel (named after her best known film, The Blue Angel). Thereafter, they proceed to her old school in Gasteinerstrasse and to Hildegardstrasse 54, the flat where she lived as a young actress. Next comes the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church where she married Rudolf Sieter, followed by the Komödie Theater (revue performances), Deutsches Theater (classical dramas), Babelsberg studios (where The Blue Angel was filmed), and the Zooplast cinema (where it opened on April 1, 1930). Thereafter she left Germany for California, and subsequently Paris where she lived and died, never to reside in Berlin again, although she did return in 1945 attired in American uniform to entertain the allies and in 1960 took part in a postwar tour of the country. Her last resting place is the Stubenrauchstrasse cemetery where a simple plaque announces the name ‘Marlene.’
Most of the Dietrich memorabilia, purchased with her estate from her daughter in 1993 for £3.6 million, are to be found in the New Film Museum in Potsdammer Platz. They include her love letters, diary, gifts from Ernest Hemmingway and Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., as well as 3000 dresses, 10,000 photographs, and 35,000 documents. This anti-Nazi icon (who refused several of the Führer’s invitations for her to return in a triumphant procession through the Brandenburg Gate) in many ways encapsulates all that is best in the postmodern German psyche, a rags to riches saga based on Weberian hard work. Even with the reconstruction of Berlin all around them, her compatriots do not forget. The future is thus connected to the past via nostalgia. Mother Marlene has at last come home to the fatherland.
Where did Marlene Dietrich live during World War 2?
Text No. 4
Marlene Dietrich
The year 2001 saw Berlin celebrating Marlene Dietrich’s one-hundredth birthday (she died in 1992). Today, aficionados can trace her life around the city. According to Cook (2001), they can begin at her birthplace in Leberstrasse 65, located close to the restaurant of the Blauer Engel (named after her best known film, The Blue Angel). Thereafter, they proceed to her old school in Gasteinerstrasse and to Hildegardstrasse 54, the flat where she lived as a young actress. Next comes the Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church where she married Rudolf Sieter, followed by the Komödie Theater (revue performances), Deutsches Theater (classical dramas), Babelsberg studios (where The Blue Angel was filmed), and the Zooplast cinema (where it opened on April 1, 1930). Thereafter she left Germany for California, and subsequently Paris where she lived and died, never to reside in Berlin again, although she did return in 1945 attired in American uniform to entertain the allies and in 1960 took part in a postwar tour of the country. Her last resting place is the Stubenrauchstrasse cemetery where a simple plaque announces the name ‘Marlene.’
Most of the Dietrich memorabilia, purchased with her estate from her daughter in 1993 for £3.6 million, are to be found in the New Film Museum in Potsdammer Platz. They include her love letters, diary, gifts from Ernest Hemmingway and Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., as well as 3000 dresses, 10,000 photographs, and 35,000 documents. This anti-Nazi icon (who refused several of the Führer’s invitations for her to return in a triumphant procession through the Brandenburg Gate) in many ways encapsulates all that is best in the postmodern German psyche, a rags to riches saga based on Weberian hard work. Even with the reconstruction of Berlin all around them, her compatriots do not forget. The future is thus connected to the past via nostalgia. Mother Marlene has at last come home to the fatherland.
Why did Marlene Dietrich become a symbol to the German people?
Text No. 5
Geriatrics Assessment
People age 65 years and older are a fast-growing segment of the world population. Most remain healthy even to their later years; for others, old age means living with multiple comorbidities, limited social and economic resources, and physical and mental disabilities.
Preserving current functions in healthier seniors and identifying those at high risk for disability are major goals of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). To achieve these goals, the geriatric assessment team collects information on the mental, functional, social, and biological status of older persons.
The team then uses the information to plan and implement evidence-based interventions to promote healthy aging and independent living. CGA requires specialists in several disciplines. The CGA team members include (at a minimum) nurses, physicians, social workers, physical and occupational therapists, pharmacists, and dietitians. Members of the CGA team collect information in four major domains of healthy living: mental, functional, social, and biological.
These domains have the most impact on function and quality of life for old people. CGA findings guide decisions on need for rehabilitation, nursing home and hospice care, and ambulatory and inpatient services. Research shows that CGA-based evaluation and management of the elderly is associated with decreased functional decline in hospitalized elders, increased psychological well-being, and better pain management in outpatient settings.
The meaning of the word "comorbidity" is:
Text No. 5
Geriatrics Assessment
People age 65 years and older are a fast-growing segment of the world population. Most remain healthy even to their later years; for others, old age means living with multiple comorbidities, limited social and economic resources, and physical and mental disabilities.
Preserving current functions in healthier seniors and identifying those at high risk for disability are major goals of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). To achieve these goals, the geriatric assessment team collects information on the mental, functional, social, and biological status of older persons.
The team then uses the information to plan and implement evidence-based interventions to promote healthy aging and independent living. CGA requires specialists in several disciplines. The CGA team members include (at a minimum) nurses, physicians, social workers, physical and occupational therapists, pharmacists, and dietitians. Members of the CGA team collect information in four major domains of healthy living: mental, functional, social, and biological.
These domains have the most impact on function and quality of life for old people. CGA findings guide decisions on need for rehabilitation, nursing home and hospice care, and ambulatory and inpatient services. Research shows that CGA-based evaluation and management of the elderly is associated with decreased functional decline in hospitalized elders, increased psychological well-being, and better pain management in outpatient settings.
According to the second paragraph, what is the main purpose of CGA?
Text No. 5
Geriatrics Assessment
People age 65 years and older are a fast-growing segment of the world population. Most remain healthy even to their later years; for others, old age means living with multiple comorbidities, limited social and economic resources, and physical and mental disabilities.
Preserving current functions in healthier seniors and identifying those at high risk for disability are major goals of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). To achieve these goals, the geriatric assessment team collects information on the mental, functional, social, and biological status of older persons.
The team then uses the information to plan and implement evidence-based interventions to promote healthy aging and independent living. CGA requires specialists in several disciplines. The CGA team members include (at a minimum) nurses, physicians, social workers, physical and occupational therapists, pharmacists, and dietitians. Members of the CGA team collect information in four major domains of healthy living: mental, functional, social, and biological.
These domains have the most impact on function and quality of life for old people. CGA findings guide decisions on need for rehabilitation, nursing home and hospice care, and ambulatory and inpatient services. Research shows that CGA-based evaluation and management of the elderly is associated with decreased functional decline in hospitalized elders, increased psychological well-being, and better pain management in outpatient settings.
According to the third paragraph, the CGA team is:
Text No. 5
Geriatrics Assessment
People age 65 years and older are a fast-growing segment of the world population. Most remain healthy even to their later years; for others, old age means living with multiple comorbidities, limited social and economic resources, and physical and mental disabilities.
Preserving current functions in healthier seniors and identifying those at high risk for disability are major goals of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). To achieve these goals, the geriatric assessment team collects information on the mental, functional, social, and biological status of older persons.
The team then uses the information to plan and implement evidence-based interventions to promote healthy aging and independent living. CGA requires specialists in several disciplines. The CGA team members include (at a minimum) nurses, physicians, social workers, physical and occupational therapists, pharmacists, and dietitians. Members of the CGA team collect information in four major domains of healthy living: mental, functional, social, and biological.
These domains have the most impact on function and quality of life for old people. CGA findings guide decisions on need for rehabilitation, nursing home and hospice care, and ambulatory and inpatient services. Research shows that CGA-based evaluation and management of the elderly is associated with decreased functional decline in hospitalized elders, increased psychological well-being, and better pain management in outpatient settings.
Why is it important to collect information in the four major domains of healthy living?
Text No. 5
Geriatrics Assessment
People age 65 years and older are a fast-growing segment of the world population. Most remain healthy even to their later years; for others, old age means living with multiple comorbidities, limited social and economic resources, and physical and mental disabilities.
Preserving current functions in healthier seniors and identifying those at high risk for disability are major goals of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). To achieve these goals, the geriatric assessment team collects information on the mental, functional, social, and biological status of older persons.
The team then uses the information to plan and implement evidence-based interventions to promote healthy aging and independent living. CGA requires specialists in several disciplines. The CGA team members include (at a minimum) nurses, physicians, social workers, physical and occupational therapists, pharmacists, and dietitians. Members of the CGA team collect information in four major domains of healthy living: mental, functional, social, and biological.
These domains have the most impact on function and quality of life for old people. CGA findings guide decisions on need for rehabilitation, nursing home and hospice care, and ambulatory and inpatient services. Research shows that CGA-based evaluation and management of the elderly is associated with decreased functional decline in hospitalized elders, increased psychological well-being, and better pain management in outpatient settings.
"Decreased functional decline" which is described as a result of the CGA interventions in the 4th paragraph, means:
What was the king's order?
התשובה הנכונה היא 1: Every young man has to join the royal army
מוסבר בפסקה הראשונה,לפי פקודתו של המלך, כל בחור צעיר צריך להתגייס לצבא המלכותי.
Another verb for "to fear" could be?
התשובה הנכונה היא 3: To startle
במקום להגיד "to scare " – להפחיד- ניתן להגיד "to startle", שפירושה להפחיד או להבהיל.
According to the 3rd paragraph, what did the fear to the crows made the coward do?
התשובה הנכונה היא 2: He froze in and stood still
לפי הפסקה השלישית, הפחדן קפא (עצר) במקומו מרוב פחד:" He stopped due to fear".
What is the lesson of the story?
התשובה הנכונה היא 1: A person shouldn't do what he's not capable of doing
מוסר ההשכל של הסיפור הוא שעל האדם לעשות את הדברים להם הוא מתאים, שאינם מעל לכוחותיו:
What is the meaning of the word "courtier?"
התשובה הנכונה היא 2: A person who is often in attendance at the court of a king or other royal personage
פירוש המילה "courtier" הוא "חצרן", כלומר, אחד מאנשי חצר המלוכה.
Another word for "glanced" could be:
התשובה הנכונה היא 1: Gazed
"glanced" היא מילה נרדפת ל"הביט", ולכן התשובה היא "gazed".
It can be inferred from the 3rd paragraph that:
התשובה הנכונה היא 4: Birbal knew the answer to the king's question
הפסקה מתארת כיצד כל אנשי חצר המלוכה השפילו מבטם ולא ידעו את התשובה לשאלתו של המלך. תשובה (3) נפסלת מאחר שבירבל הגיע למקום זה עתה ולא ידע מה השאלה, ולכן לא יכל לענות עליה.
What is the number: " fifty thousand five hundred and eighty nine"?
התשובה הנכונה היא 1: 50,589
המספר הוא: "חמישים אלף, חמש מאות ושמונים ותשע: 50,589.
How did Birbal know exactly how many crows there were in the city?
התשובה הנכונה היא 2: He didn't know how many crows were in the city
בירבל לא ידע בדיוק כמה עורבים (crows) היו בעיר. הוא התחכם והמציא מספר כלשהו של עורבים, וכשהמלך שאל אותו כיצד הוא יודע כמה עורבים יש בדיוק, הוא אמר לו שאם יש פחות עורבים מהמספר שנתן כנראה שחלקם עפו לבקר קרובי משפחה בעיר אחרת, ואם יש יותר עורבים מהמספר שנתן כנראה שחלקם עורבים מעיר אחרת שבאו לבקר קרוביהם בעיר.
What is the meaning of the verb "to repair"?
התשובה הנכונה היא 2: To restore or renew by any process of making good, strengthening, etc
פירוש המילה "To repair" הוא לשפץ/ לחדש/ לתקן: לקראת החורף בע"ח היער שיפצו את בתיהם.
It can be understood from the second paragraph that:
התשובה הנכונה היא 1: During the winter time it was harder for the birds to find enough food
מהפסקה השנייה משתמע כי במהלך החורף יותר קשה להשיג מזון, ולכן הציפורים נערכו מראש ואגרו מזון לקראת תקופת החורף.
What is a "piteous situation"?
התשובה הנכונה היא 4: Unfortunate situation
פירוש הביטוי " "piteous situationהוא מצב מעורר רחמים, או "מצב ביש", כלומר unfortunate situation.
What is the lesson that the birds tried to teach the monkey?
התשובה הנכונה היא 3: "He who labored on Shabbath' Eve, will eat on Shabbath"
הציפורים ניסו להסביר לקוף ש"מי שטרח בערב שבת יאכל בשבת": כלומר, מי שהתכונן לחורף כמו שצריך היתה לו קורת גג ומזון כשהגיע הגשם.
Another word for "growling" could be:
התשובה הנכונה היא 4: Grumbling
פירוש הפועל "to growl" הוא "לנהום/ לרטון". מילה נרדפת היא "to grumble".
How old was Marlene Dietrich at the time of her death?
התשובה הנכונה היא 3: 91 years old
כתוב כי ב-2001 מרלן דיטריך היתה אמורה לחגוג את יום הולדתה ה-100, והיא מתה בשנת 1992. לכן היא היתה בת 91 במותה.
The word "aficionados" could be replaced with:
התשובה הנכונה היא 2: Fans
פירוש המילה "aficionado" היא "מעריצים", ומילה נרדפת היא "fans".
Where did Marlene Dietrich live during World War 2?
התשובה הנכונה היא 1: Because similarly to the German nation, she became successful and wealthy after a long time of hard work
מרלן דיטריך מייצגת עבור הגרמנים את האופי של גרמניה שלאחר מלחמת העולם השנייה, שהשתקמה באמצעות עבודה סיזיפית:
"in many ways encapsulates all that is best in the postmodern German psyche, a rags to riches saga based on Weberian hard work".
Why did Marlene Dietrich become a symbol to the German people?
התשובה הנכונה היא 4: California
ניתן להסיק כי בזמן מלחמת העולם השנייה מרלן דיטריך לא התגוררה בגרמניה, מאחר שבפסקה הראשונה מסופר כי היא שבה לבקר בברלין לאחר מלחמת העולם השניה לבושה במדי בעלות הברית, על מנת לבדר את החיילים, ולכן סביר להניח כי היא גרה באחת מהמדינות שלחמו בגרמניה- ולכן התשובה היא קליפורניה שבארה"ב.
The meaning of the word "comorbidity" is:
התשובה הנכונה היא 4: Two or more medical conditions present simultaneously in the same patient
פירוש המילה "comorbidity" הוא "תחלואה נלווית", כלומר קיומן של מחלות נוספות הנלוות למחלה העיקרית.
According to the second paragraph, what is the main purpose of CGA?
התשובה הנכונה היא 1: To identify seniors at risk for illness and disabilities
לפי הפסקה השנייה, המטרות העיקריות של תוכנית ה-CGA הן לשמור על רמת התפקוד של המבוגרים וכן לזהות מבוגרים בסיכון למחלות, לכן התשובה הנכונה היא (א'), בעוד שלא מדובר על הארכת תוחלת החיים, ולכן תשובות 2 אינה נכונה.
According to the third paragraph, the CGA team is:
התשובה הנכונה היא 2: A multi-disciplinary team of professional experts in geriatrics
לפי הפסקה השלישית, ""CGA requires specialists in several disciplines, כלומר, הצוות של CGA מורכב ממומחים במספר תחומים (דיסיפלינות), כגון אחיות, רופאים, עובדים סוציאליים, מטפלים ומרפאים בעיסוק וכו'- ולכן התשובה הנכונה היא (2): קבוצה רב תחומית של מומחים בנושאי גריאטריה.
Why is it important to collect information in the four major domains of healthy living?
התשובה הנכונה היא 3: In order to develop evidence- based intervention according to the information collected from the patients
חשוב לאסוף מידע על ארבעת התחומים הקשורים לחיים בריאים על מנת לפתח התערבויות המבוססות על נתונים ומחקר (evidence- based interventions). תשובה מס' (1) אינה מדויקת, מאחר שההתערבויות הנ"ל אינן עוסקות בפיתוח תרופות דווקא אלא קשורות להיבטים נוספים באורח החיים כגון רווחה נפשית ותחלואה כללית. תשובה מס' (3) אינה נכונה אף היא, מאחר שהטקסט אינו עוסק באופן ספציפי בהפחתת התמותה בגיל השלישי.
"Decreased functional decline" which is described as a result of the CGA interventions in the 4th paragraph, means:
התשובה הנכונה היא 3: Less deterioration in healthy functioning
" "decreased functional declineפירושה "ירידה במידת הירידה התפקודית", כלומר, ההתערבויות של תוכנית ה-CGA הביאו להפחתה בירידה התפקודית בקרב קשישים, ולכן התשובה המתאימה היא "less deterioration in healthy functioning".